Which protocol operates in the transport layer of TCP/IP and provides connectionless communication?

Which protocol operates in the transport layer of TCP/IP and provides connectionless communication?

• A. TCP
• B. UDP
• C. HTTP
• D. FTP

Answer: (B)

At the transport layer, there are two modes: connection-oriented and connectionless. UDP is the transport-layer protocol that provides connectionless communication. It sends independent datagrams without establishing a connection or performing a handshake, which makes it fast and lightweight but without guarantees of delivery, order, or error recovery. This contrasts with TCP, which is connection-oriented, setting up a reliable channel with sequencing and retransmission. HTTP and FTP are application-layer protocols that typically run over TCP rather than functioning as transport-layer protocols themselves. So, the protocol that operates at the transport layer and provides connectionless communication is UDP.

At the transport layer, there are two modes: connection-oriented and connectionless. UDP is the transport-layer protocol that provides connectionless communication. It sends independent datagrams without establishing a connection or performing a handshake, which makes it fast and lightweight but without guarantees of delivery, order, or error recovery. This contrasts with TCP, which is connection-oriented, setting up a reliable channel with sequencing and retransmission. HTTP and FTP are application-layer protocols that typically run over TCP rather than functioning as transport-layer protocols themselves. So, the protocol that operates at the transport layer and provides connectionless communication is UDP.